Sponges have no nerves or muscles, yet they can still "sneeze"

A sponge is one of the simplest animals alive, with no neurons, brain, or muscle tissue — yet time-lapse footage shows sponges slowly contracting their entire bodies over minutes to expel trapped sediment, a reflex researchers nicknamed a "sneeze." How a nerveless animal coordinates a body-wide response is still being worked out.

— Danielle Ludeman et al., Sponge — BMC Evolutionary Biology, 2014

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