Describing a face in words can make you worse at recognizing it

After witnessing a face, people asked to write a detailed verbal description of it later perform worse at picking that face out of a lineup than people who did no describing at all. Psychologists Jonathan Schooler and Tanya Engstler-Schooler called this 'verbal overshadowing': language seems to overwrite a richer, harder-to-verbalize visual memory with a cruder word-based one. It's a caution for how eyewitnesses are typically asked to describe a suspect before any identification.

— Jonathan W. Schooler and Tanya Y. Engstler-Schooler, Verbal Overshadowing of Visual Memories: Some Things Are Better Left Unsaid — Cognitive Psychology, vol. 22 (1990)

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