Science
A technique sensitive enough to find a teaspoon of sugar in a lake won a Nobel Prize
Rosalyn Yalow and Solomon Berson developed radioimmunoassay in the late 1950s, a method able to measure vanishingly small amounts of hormones, drugs and viruses in blood. Yalow won the 1977 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for it, becoming the first American-born woman to win the prize in that category.