One economist argued poor countries can't industrialize one factory at a time
Paul Rosenstein-Rodan argued that a single new factory in a poor country often fails even when it makes economic sense, because there's no local market of workers with wages to buy what it makes. His 'big push' theory proposed that many industries need to launch simultaneously, each providing customers and workers for the others, since piecemeal industrialization can leave everyone stuck waiting for someone else to move first.