The scientist who saved his daughter's life, then was forced to refuse his Nobel

In 1935 Gerhard Domagk showed the red dye Prontosil cured deadly streptococcal infections, launching the sulfa-drug era that saved millions of lives before penicillin was mass-produced. When his own daughter developed a life-threatening infection, he treated her with it and she recovered. Awarded the 1939 Nobel Prize, the Gestapo forced him to decline it; he received the medal only after WWII.

— Thomas Hager, The Demon Under the Microscope — Harmony Books, 2006
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